Automatic pile-driver.



J. N. WAREINGTON.

AUTOMATIC PILE DRIVER. APPLIOATION FILED AUG. s1, 1911.

Patented Mar. 5, 1912.

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Invenfior: Jnnes/i.

J. N. WARRINGTON. AUTOMATIC PILE DRIVER. APPLIUATION FILED AUG. 31,1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Mar. 5, 1912.

J. N. WARRINGTON. AUTOMATIC PILE DRIVER.

- APPLIOATION mum AUG. 31, 1011.

1,019,386. Patented Mar.5, 1912.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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MBIA PLANQCIRAPH co WASH J. N. WARRINGTON. AUTOMATIC PILB DRIVER.APPLICATION I'ILBD AUG. 31, 1911.

1,019,386. Patented Manfi, 1912.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

174175271 501: James Jill 01w on JAMES N. HARRINGTON, OF LOS ANGELES,CALIFURNIA.

AUTOMATIC FILE-DRIVER.

LQIQBSG.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 5, 1912.

Application filed. August 31, 1911. Serial No. 646,959.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES N. VVARRING- TON, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and Stateof California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inAutomatic Pile-Drivers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has relation to that type of pile driving machinery inwhich the ram or hammer is automatically operated, and while it isherein shown and will be hereinafter described, as being embodied in asteam operated automatic pile driver, in which the ram or hammerthereof, is adapted to be suspended without the use of guiding leaderstherefor, yet it will be understood that it is applicable for use onsuch machines, where leaders or guides are employed for the ram orhammer, and which may be operated by steam or any suitable motive fluid,and it consists in certain peculiarities of the construction, novelarrangement and operation of the various parts thereof, as will behereinafter more fully set forth and specifically claimed.

The principal object of the invention is to furnish an automatic piledriver, which shall be simple in construction, effective in operation,strong, durable, and with its parts so made and arranged to operate,that great economy in the amount of motive fluid required. for itsoperation will be effected.

Another important object of the invention is, to provide a pile driverin which, by suit able construction, arrangement, and proportioniug. ofthe parts, the ratio of the weight of the ram to the weight of theram-frame or carrier, may be given any desired value, thus permittingthe use of heavy stationary parts, i. 6., frame or carrier, and lightram in the case of short strokes, and light stationary parts with heavyram in the case of long strokes, by which means the velocity of impactmay he kept practically the same for all lengths of strokes, givingenergy to the blow of short stroke rams and avoiding destructive impactin long stroke ones. This advantage is not attainable in pile driversheretofore made, because the motive fluid, which is admittedalternatively below and above the piston of the hammer, is of the samepressure per square inch in either chamber, and this pressure actingupon the upper cylinder-head, will lift the hammer bodily ofi the pile,unless the weight of the stationary parts is sufficient to prevent it.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a valve andoperating mechanism therefor to control and regulate the passage ofmotive fluid for operating the driver, which valve and mechanism shallbe of such construction, and will so operate as to afford the requiredport area with a minimum movement of the valve, which movement will bequick, yet without shock, and will be effected with light stress andlittle wear on the actuating mechanism.

A further object is to provide means in the upper part of the ram-f nineor carrier for cushioning the ram in its upward move ments or strokes.

Various other objects and advantages of the invention will be disclosedin the subjoined description and explanation.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which the inventionpertains, to make and use the same, I will now proceed to describe itreferring to the accompanying drawings, which serve to illustrate anembodiment of the invention, and in which- Figure 1, is a view in sideelevation of the ram-frame or carrier of a pile driver embodying theinvention. Fig. 2, is a centralvertical sectional view through the frameor carrier for the ram, taken on line 2, 2, of Fig. 4, looking in thedirection indicated by the arrows, showing said frame shortened for theconvenience of illustration, and the rain in elevation and in itsinitial position. F 3, is a similar view taken on line 3, 8, of Fig. 4,looking in the direction indicated by the arrows, with the ram removed.Fig. et, is a plan view of the frame. Figs. 5, 6, and 7, are plan viewstaken on lines 5, 5,6, 6, and 7, 7, respectively of Fig. 3. Fig. 8, isan enlarged plan sectional view of the ram and its frame taken throughthe valve chest, illustrating the controlling valve and the operatingmechanism therefor. Fig. 9, is a fragmental section taken on line 9, 9,of Fig. 8, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows. Figs. 10,and 11. are similar views taken on lines 10, 10, and 11, 11,respectiiely, of Fig. 8, looking in the direction indicated by thearrows. Fig. 12, is a face view of the ram, showing it detached from itsframe. Fig. 12-3, is a face view of the valve. Fig. 14, is a sectionalview thereof taken on line 14, 14, of Fig. 13. Fig. 15, is a face viewof the floating or movable valve-seat. Fig. 16, is a sectional viewthereof. Fig. 17, is a longitudinal sectional view of the cover for thevalve chest. Figs. 18, 19, and 20, are cross-sectional views of the ram,taken on lines 18, l8,19, 19,- 20, 20, respectively, of Fig. 12, andFig. 21, as a sectional view of the upper portion of the frame orcarrier for the ram.

Like numerals of reference refer to corresponding parts throughout thedifferent views of the drawings, in which is shown the ram and frametherefor and operating mechanism for the former, it being deemecunnecessary ,to illustrate other parts of the pile driving machine asthe present invention has no relation to such parts.

The reference numeral 25, designates the ram-frame or carrier, which maybe made of any suitable size, form, and material, but by preferencerectangular in cross sect-ion and provided with a longitudinal bore orcavity for the reception and operation of the ram, which ram isindicated as a whole, by the numeral 26, and preferably consists of asingle piece having an enlargement 27, at its upper portion and areduced portion 28, extending downwardly from said enlarged portion,which portions fit snugly in the enlarged cavity or bore 29, and reducedcavity or bore 30, of the frame 25, but in such a manner as toreciprocate freely therein. The upper portion of the frame 25, is closedby a head 31, and has diametrically disposed upward extensions 32, insuitable openings in which is located a link 33, by means of which theframe 25, may be connected to and suspended from the crane or derrick ofthe machine, which parts are not shown. The lower portion of the frame25, is provided with one or more vent openings 34, to permit the escapeof compressed air incident to the downward stroke of the ram. At thelower portion of the enlarged cavity or chamber 29, the frame 25, isprovided with an annular chamber 35, which communicates with a valvechest 36, formed in the wall of the frame, which chest is horizontallydisposed and has leading therefrom near one of its ends, a supply port37, to which steam or other motive fluid may be supplied in any suitablemanner. Leading from the valve chest 36, near its other end, is a portor channel 38, which extends upwardly in the wall of the frame 25, andcommunicates at its upper end with the larger cavity 29, of said framenear its upper end as is clearly shown in Fig. 3, of the drawings. At asuitable point between the upper end of the port or channel 38, and thevalve chest 36, the frame 25, is provided with a circular chamber orchannel 39, which communicates with the cavity 29, by means of ports 40,

and said circular or belt like channel 39, has leading therefrom anexhaust port 41, for the escape of the motive fluid. In its wall andpreferably opposite the valve chest 36, the frame 25, is provided with ascrew threaded opening 42, in which is seated a screw bolt 43, whichprojects at its inner end into a vertical groove 44, formed in thereduced portion 28, of the ram, which arrangement and construction willprevent rotary movement of the ram, yet will permit of reciprocalmovement thereof. The groove 44, also affords a passage for thedischarge of condensation from the cavities of the ramframe, and forthis purpose the lower portion of the frame 25, is provided with outletopenings 45, one of which communicates with the groove 44, and each ofwhich may be provided with a drain nipple 46, or plug of any suitableconstruction. The inner wall of the valve-chest 36, is provided at theports 37, and 38, with valve seats 47, and 48, respectively, whichseats, in the present instance, are shown as being rectangular in shapeto correspond with similarly shaped valves 49, and 50, but it will beunderstood that said valves and seats may be of any desired shape.

Secured to the frame 25, by means of suitable bolts 51, is a plate 52,which forms the cover for the valve chest 36, and said plate is providedon its inner surface with a pair of inwardly extended pistons orprojections 53, each of which is preferably hollow and is providedexternally with pack- -ing rings 54. as is clearly shown in Figs. 8, 9,10, and 17, of the drawings. Movably fitted on each of the pistons 53,is a floating valve seat 55, which are of a corresponding shape to thevalves 49, and 50, and in the present instance are shown as beingconnected together by bars 56, and as being provided on their outerportions with cir cular sockets 57, to receive the pistons 53, on whichthey are mounted. Interposed between each of the floating seats 55, andthe chest cover 52, is a spring 58, which normally press said seatsagainst the valves 49, and 50, which valves are interposed between thefloating seats 55, and the fixed seats 47, and 48, on the ram-frame. Thesprings 58, may have one of their ends inserted in an opening 59, in theouter portion in each of the seats 55, and its other end in an opening60, formed on the inner surface of the chest cover as will be readilyunderstood by reference to Fig. 8, of the drawings. As is clearly shownin Fig. 13, the valves 49, and 50, are connected together by means ofparts 61, between which is formed an opening 62, for the reception andoperation of the valve operating lever 63, which lever has its outer endpivotally connected to bosses or lugs 64, on the inner surfaces of thebars 56, which unite the floating valve seats, and extends through theopening 62, between the valves, and opening 65, leading from the valvechest to the cavity 30, of the frame, and into a cam guideway, formed inthe portion 28, of the ram, which guideway is designated as a whole bythe reference numeral 66, and will be hereinafter more particularlydescribed. The lever 63, is connected to the duplex valve within theopening 62, thereof by means of a transversely disposed pin 67 in anysuitable manner, so that, when the ram is reciprocated an oscillatingmovement will be imparted to the valves through the medium of the lever63, by reason of its engagement at its free end with the cam guideway inthe ram. This guideway as is clearly shown in Fig. 12, of the drawings,is enlarged between its ends as at 68, and is provided in said enlargedportion with a vertically disposed projection 69, which is outwardlybeveled and tapered toward each of its ends, so that, in the downwardmovement of the ram the projection 69, will pass on one side of thelever 63, while in the upward movement of the ram it will pass on theopposite side of said lever, in which operation it is evident that themovement of the lever as well as the valves which it controls will bemoved quickly, without shock, and with light stress and little wear uponthe parts.

As is clearly shown in Figs. 1, and 3, of the drawings, the upper end ofthe channel or port 38, communicates with the cavity 29, of theram-frame at a slight distance below the head 31, thereof, thusfurnishing a space between the upper portion of said opening or port inwhich steam will be confined on the upward stroke of the ram, therebyaffording a cushion for the same. In some instances the head 31, of theframe may have connected to its lower surface one or more coiled springs70, to act as buffers or cushions for the ram in its upward stroke, andin the present instance, see Fig. 21, the head 31, is provided withsockets 71, into each of which is nested a coiled spring 70, whichextend below the surface of the head 31, and may beheld in place bymeans of bolts 72, extended through the head into the recesses 71, sothat the spring 70, may be connected to said bolts in any suitablemanner. It is obvious that the said springs may be used for cushioningthe ram in its upward stroke in conjunction with the steam contained inthe chamber 29, above the upper end of the channel or port 38, or ifdesired, the upper end of the channel 38, may be placed directly underthe head 31, and the springs only used, or the springs may be dispensedwith and the upper terminus of the channel 38, may be located at asufficient distance below the head 31, as shown in Fig. 3, to afford acushion of steam or other motive fluid.

The lower portion of the frame 25, see Fig. 2, is provided with twospaced apart extensions 73, to permit the upper end or head of the pile,not shown, being inserted therebetween, and each of said extensions isprovided on its inner surface with a vertically disposed recess 74, inwhich is movably mounted an impact plate 75, to receive the blows fromthe ram, and to rest on the upper end or head of the pile. Each of theextensions 73, has secured to its lower end a plate or bar 76, whichclose the lower ends of the recesses 7%, and afford floors or supportsfor the buffers 77, which may be made of rubber or other suitableresilient material, and suitably held in position within the recesses74, and on the upper surfaces of the support 76, so as to relieve theframe 25, of some of the strain incident to the strokes of the ram onthe impact plate 7 5, in the operation of guiding the pile.

From the foregoing and by reference to the drawings, it will be readilyunderstood and clearly seen, that, by supplying motive fluid, such assteam, through the supply channel 37, to the valve chest 36, it willpass from thence into the annular space 35, which communicates with saidchest, and into the chamber 29, beneath the enlarged portion 27, of theram, thus causing the latter to be forced upwardly, in which operationit will be understood that the free end of the lever 63, which, when theram is in its initial position, extends into the upper portion of thecam-guideway 66, will contact with the side wall 66, of said guideway,and will thereby, in the upward movement of the ram be moved to one sideowing to the curve or form of said wall, thus shifting the duplex valveso that its outlet or release port will be fully opened to permit motivefiuid to pass into and through the channel or port 38, from the upperend of which it will pass into the en larged chamber 29, of the framewhere it will serve to accelerate the downward stroke of the ram, inwhich operation a portion of the motive fluid will be exhausted throughthe openings 40, belt like channel 50, and exhaust or outlet port 11, inthe wall of the frame. In the downward movement of the ram, said end ofthe lever 63, will contact with the wall 66, of the guide way 66, and byreason of the form or curvature of said wall the said end of the lever63, will be moved in the opposite direction, thus sliding the valve soas to open the inlet port- 37, and to close the outlet port of the valvechest. As is clearly shown in Fig. 12, of the drawings, the beveled andpointed projection 69, is located in the enlarged portion of thecam-guideway 66, in such a manner that its apices are disposed at slightdistances from the curved portions of the walls 66, and 66'", of thecamguideway. By this arrangement, it is evident that if the ram is movedupwardly or downwardly, a short distance only, in starting the machine,should the inner end of the lever '63, be so positioned in saidmovements of the ram, when the movement of the latter is reversed, as tobe on the opposite side of a vertical line drawn through the ends of theprojection 69, from that wall of the guideway in which the lever hasbeen in contact, said projection will cause the lever to move toward theother side wall of the guideway, thus producing positive action of thevalve. The exhaust of the motive fluid occurs at the limit of theclownv'ard stroke of the ram, and of course some fluid will remain inthe enlarged chamber 29, of the frame, which in the next upward strokeof the ram will be augmented by a fresh supply of motive fluid from thevalve chest admitted during the upward movement of the ram, whichtogether with the residue fluid will be compressed in the space abovethe upper end of the channel 38, thus forming a cushion. As the duplexvalve, which controls the supply port to and the outlet port from thevalve chest is slid back and forth by the reciprocal movement of the ramand the oscillating movement of the operating lever 63, actuated by saidram, it will be understood that the valves 49, and 50, will bealternately seated and unseated between their respective fixed seats andfloating seats, and that by reason of said valves opening at theirperimeters, when angular in form. or at their peripheries when circularin form, simultaneously, the movement of the valve to give the requiredport area will be trivial or quite small. It will also be understoodthat the load on the valve will be governed by the size of the piston onthe rear of the floating seat, and this load may therefore be keptcomparatively light so that the valve may be moved quickly and withlittle friction, for it is apparent that on the supply side the greaterpressure is within the valve and the area of the port 47, is less thanthe area of its piston. On the release side the greater pressure is onthe outside of the valve and the area of the port 48, is greater thanthe area of its piston. On the supply side the pressure acting upon theexcess of area of the piston over port 4:7, presses the floating seatagainst the valve and it in turn against the fixed seat. On the releaseside the pressure acting upon the excess of area of port 4L8, over itspiston presses the floating seat against the valve and it in turnagainst the fixed seat.

My invention is herein above set forth as embodied in one particularform of construction, but I do not limit it thereto or to less than allthe possible forms in which the invention as hereinafter claimed may beembodied and distinguished from any prior devices for like purpose.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters-Patent is 1. In an automatic pile driver, thecombination with a ram-frame having a cavity, of a ram mounted in saidcavity for reciprocal movement, means for supplying motive fluid to thecavity of the frame whereby said fluid will first act to raise the ramand then at the proper time during the upward movement of the ram willbe supplied to a part of the cavity of the frame so as to act toaccelerate the downward stroke of the ram, substantially as set forth.

In' an automatic pile driver, the combination with a ram-frame having acavity, of a ram mounted in said cavity for reciprocal movement, meansfor supplying motive fluid to the cavity of the frame whereby said fluidwill first act on the ram to raise the same and then at the proper timeduring the upward movement of the ram will be supplied to the cavity ofthe frame above a part of the ram to accelerate the downward strokethereof, substantially as set forth.

In an automatic pile driver, the combination with a ram-frame having acavity, of a rain mounted in said cavity for reciprocal movement, meansfor supplying motive fluid to the cavity of the frame below a portion ofthe ram whereby said fluid will first act to raise the ram and then atthe proper time during the upward movement of the ram will be suppliedto the cavity of the frame above a part of the ram to accelerate thedownward stroke thereof, substantially as set forth.

4. I11 an automatic pile driver, the combination with a ram-frame havinga cavity, of a ram mounted in said cavity for reciprocal movement, meansfor supplying motive fluid to the cavity of the frame below a por tionof the ram whereby said fluid will first act to .raise the ram and thenat the proper time during the upward movement of the ram will besupplied to the cavity of the frame above a part of the ram toaccelerate the downward stroke thereof, said frame having means for theexhaust of motive fluid at the end of the downward stroke of the ram,substantially as set forth.

5. In an automatic pile driver, the combination with av ram-frame havinga cavity, of a ram mounted in said cavity for reciprocal movement, meansfor supplying motive fluid to the cavity of the ram below a portion ofthe ram whereby said fluid will first act to raise the ram and then atthe proper time during the upward movement of the ram will be suppliedto the cavity of the frame above the ram to accelerate the down- Wardstroke thereof, and means at the upper tion of the ram whereby saidfluid will first act to raise the ram, and then at the proper timeduring the upward movement of the ram will be supplied to the cavity ofthe frame above the ram to accelerate the downward stroke thereof, saidframe having means for the exhaust of motive fluid at the end of thedownward stroke of the ram, and means at the upper end of the frame tocushion the ram in its upward movement, substantially as set forth.

7. In an automatic pile driver, the combination with a ram-frame havinga cavity enlarged in its upper portion and reduced in its lower portion,of a ram having its upper portion enlarged and its lower portion reducedand mounted within said cavity for reciprocal movement, a valve chestcommunicating with the lower portion of said cavity and below theenlargement of the ram, said frame having a conduit in communication atits lower end with the valvechest and at its upper end with the upperportion of said enlarged cavity, said enlarged cavity of said framehaving an exhaust outlet between the ends of said con duit, means tosupply motive fluid to the valve-chest and to the lower portion of theenlarged cavity of the frame beneath the enlarged portion of the ram forthe purpose of raising the latter, and means actuated by the ram topermit the passage of motive fluid from the valve-chest through saidconduit to the enlarged cavity above the ram during the upward movementof the latter whereby the motive fluid above the ram will accelerate thedownward stroke thereof.

8. In an automatic pile driver, the combination with a ram-frame havinga cavity en-' larged in its upper portion and reduced in its lowerportion, of a ram having its upper portion enlarged and its lowerportion reduced and mounted within said cavity for reciprocal movement,a valve-chest communicating with the lower portion of said cavity belowthe enlargement of the ram, said frame having a conduit in communicationat its lower end with the valve-chest and at its upper end with theupper portion of said enlarged cavity at a distance below the headthereof, said enlarged cavity having an exhaust outlet between the endsof said conduit, means to supply motive fluid to the valve-chest, areciprocating duplex valve adapted to alternately open and close thesupply and outlet ports of the valvechest, an actuating lever engagingsaid valve and the ram and actuated by the latter to reciprocate thevalve whereby the motive fluid to and from the valve-chest will becontrolled thereby and said fluid permitted to pass at the proper timethrough said conduit to the enlarged cavity above the ram during theupward movement of the latter to accelerate the downward stroke thereof.

9. In a pile driver, the combination with a hollow ram-frame, of a rammounted therein for reciprocal movement, a valve chest on said frame incommunication with the cavity thereof and having valve-seated ports forthe supply and outlet of motive fluid to and from said chest, a duplexvalve reciprocatingly mounted on said seats and having frames ofcorresponding size and shape with said seats to register therewith, apair of pistons within the valvechest opposite said valve seats, amovable valve seat on each of said pistons and in contact with saidvalve on its surface opposite from the first named valve seats, a leverengaging the ram and said valve for the actuation of the latter by themovement of the ram.

10. In a pile driver, the combination with a hollow ram-frame, of a rammounted therein for reciprocal movement, a valve chest on said frame incommunication with the cavity thereof and having valve-seated ports forthe supply and outlet of motive fluid to and from said chest, a conduitin communication at its lower end with said outlet port and at its upperend with the cavity of the frame above the ram, a re ciprocal duplexvalve on the seats of said ports, a spring pressed movable valve seat onthe opposite surface of said valve from each. of said valve-seatedports, a lever engaging the valve and ram and adapted for actuation bythe movement of the latter to reciprocate the valve.

11. In a pile driver, the combination with a ram-frame, of a ram mountedthereon for reciprocal movement, a valve-chest on said frame andprovided with a fixed valve seat, a valve including a frame mounted onsaid seat for sliding movement, a piston on the valve-chest opposite thefixed seat, a movable valve-seat on said piston and in contact with theopposite surface of the valve from the fixed seat, a lever engaging thevalve and ram, and means on the latter to actuate the lever .so as toimpart reciprocal movement to the valve.

12. In a pile driver, the combination with a hollow ram frame, of a rammounted therein for reciprocal movement and having a longitudinallydisposed cam-guideway, a valve chest on said frame in communication withthe cavity thereof and having valve seated ports for the supply andoutlet of motive fluid to and from said chest, a conduit incommunication at its lower end with said outlet port and at its upperend with the cavity of the frame above the ram, a reciprocal duplexvalve on the seats of said ports, a spring pressed movable valve seat onthe opposite surface of said valve from each of said seated ports, and alever engaging the valve and extended at one of its ends into saidguideway for actuation thereby to reciprocate the valve.

13. In a pile driver, the combination with a hollow ram frame, of a rammounted therein for reciprocal movement and having a longitudinallydisposed cam-guideway,the side walls of said guideway being oppositelycurved between their middle portions and ends, a valve chest on saidframe in communication with the cavity thereof and having valve seatedports for the supply and outlet of motive fluid to and from said chest,a conduit in communication at its lower end with said outlet port and atits upper end with the cavity of the frame above the ram, a reciprocalduplex valve on the seats of said ports, a pair of pistons within thevalve chest opposite said valve seats, a movable valve seat on each ofsaid pistons and in contact with said valve on its surface opposite fromthe first named valve seats, and a lever engaging the valve and extendedat one of its ends into said guideway for actuation thereby toreciprocate the valve.

14. In a pile driver, the combination with a hollow ram frame, of a rammounted therein for reciprocal movement and having a longitudinallydisposed cam-guideway, the side walls of said guideway being op positelycurved between their middle por tions and ends, a projection locatedbetween the side walls of said guideway and having pointed ends, a valvechest on said frame in communication with the cavity thereof and havingvalve seated ports for the supply and outlet of motive fluid to and fromsaid chest, a duplex valve reciprocatingly mounted on said seats andhaving frames of corresponding size and shapes with said seats toregister therewith, a pair of pistons within the valve chest oppositesaid valve seats, a movable valve seat on each of said pistons and incontact with said valve on its surface opposite from the first namedvalve seats, and a lever engaging the valve and extended at one of itsends into said guideway for actuation thereby to reciprocate the valve.

15. In a pile driver, the combination with a hollow ram frame, of a rammounted thereon for reciprocal movement and having a-longitudinallydisposed cam-guideway, a valve chest on the said frame and provided witha fixed valve seat, a valve including a frame mounted on said seat forsliding movement, a piston on the valve chest opposite the fixed seat, amovable valve seat on said piston and in contact with the oppositesurface of the valve from the fixed seat, and a lever engaging the valveand extended at one of its ends into said guideway.

16. The combination with a frame, of a part mounted therein forreciprocal movement and having a longitudinally disposed cam-guideway, avalve chest on said frame and provided with a fixed valve seat, a valveincluding a frame mounted on said seat for sliding movement, a piston onthe valve chest opposite the fixed seat, a movable valve seat on saidpiston and in contact with the opposite surface of the valve from thefixed seat, and a lever engaging the valve and extended at one of itsends into said guideway.

17, In an automatic pile driver, the combination with a ram-frame havinga cavity, of a ram mounted in said cavity for reciprocal movement, meansfor supplying motive fluid to the cavity of the frame whereby said fluidwill first act to raise the ram, means actuated by the upward movementof the ram to shut off at the proper time the supply of motive fluid andsimultaneously release the imprisoned fluid to another portion of thecavity of the frame where it will expansively accelerate the downwardstroke of the ram.

18. In an automatic pile driver, the combination with a ram-frame havinga cavity, of a ram mounted in said cavity for reciprocal movement, meansfor supplying motive fluid to the cavity of the frame whereby said fluidwill first act to raise the ram, means actuated by the upward movementof the ram to shut off at the proper time the sup ply of motive fluid,and means similarly actuated for releasing the imprisoned fluid intoanother portion of the cavity of the frame where it will expansivelyaccelerate the downward stroke of the ram.

JAMES N. WARRINGTON.

Vitnesses:

CHAS. G. TILLMAN, E. NEWsTRoM.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, byaddressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. i

i. i i may.

